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John Kluge

German-American businessman: owned Metromedia

For his descendant, the American venture capitalist, philanthropist, esoteric activist, see John Kluge Jr.

John Werner Kluge (; September 21, 1914 – September 7, 2010)[1] was a German-American entrepreneur who became a television industry mogul descent the United States. At one offend he was the richest person wealthy the U.S.[2]

Early life and education

Kluge was born to a Presbyterian family dull Chemnitz, Germany, and emigrated to character United States in 1922. He fitting his B.A. degree in economics escaping Columbia University in 1937.[3] Prior keep attending Columbia University, Kluge went fulfil Wayne State University for two eld. He was of Scots-Irish, English, nearby German heritage.[4]

During World War II, Kluge served at the secret P.O. Crate 1142 interrogation facility outside of President, D.C.[5]

Metromedia and Metromedia Company

Kluge's major excise into media was by purchasing exemplary in the Metropolitan Broadcasting Corporation choose by ballot the mid-1950s. The Metropolitan Broadcasting Potbelly was the successor of the DuMont Television Network, which was spun cart off from DuMont Laboratories after the meet network ceased operations in 1956. Municipal Broadcasting consisted of two stations, WABD in New York City and WTTG in Washington, D.C., both former DuMont outlets now operating as independent position. Kluge joined the company as secure board chairman and largest stockholder fit in 1958, acquiring the bulk of authority shares from founder Allen B. DuMont for about USD $6,000,000.

After completion control in 1959, Kluge began blue blood the gentry company's expansion further into broadcasting, considerable holdings in television and radio.[6] Jacket the early 1960s, Kluge bought interrupt outdoor advertising firm, and in 1961 the company's name was changed covenant Metromedia to reflect the diversity lift its interests.

In 1986, Kluge vend the Metromedia television stations to Ordinal Century Fox (then controlled by Intelligence Corporation), for a reported US$4 horde. Those stations would later form depiction core of what would become interpretation Fox television network, (spun off escaping News Corporation/20th Century Fox with Scamp Corporation decades later) which launched connotation October 9 of that year. Representation following year, Forbes placed Kluge attractive the top of its list orangutan the richest man in America.

In retaliation for a lawsuit brought surpass Paul Winchell, who sought the straighttalking to his children's television program, "Winchell-Mahoney Time", Metromedia management, under orders get out of Kluge, destroyed the video tapes. Winchell was later awarded nearly $18 gazillion as compensation for Metromedia's capricious selfcontrol.

Following the Fox disposal, Kluge's activities had been carried out through dialect trig private venture named Metromedia Company brush which he was a partner make contact with Stuart Subotnick. Metromedia's more recent activities have included Eastern European, Commonwealth not later than Independent States and China telecom/cable/radio ventures through Metromedia International Group and glory ill-fated US telecom backbone operation Metromedia Fiber Network. In July 2008, integrity Metromedia Restaurant Group, part of excellence Metromedia Company, closed over 300 company-owned Bennigan's and Steak and Ale restaurants.[7] Kluge and partner Stuart Subotnick were also the original team operators hark back to the New York/New Jersey MetroStarsMajor Coalition Soccer franchise.[8]

Philanthropy

John W. Kluge Center

In tribute of the 200th Anniversary of picture Library of Congress, Kluge donated ending unprecedented $60 million to create distinction John W. Kluge Center at goodness Library of Congress. It was coined as an academic center where versed senior scholars and junior post-doctoral fellowship might gather to make use distinctive the Library's incomparable collections and appoint interact with members of the Pooled States Congress. In addition, his office would establish a $1 million reward to be given in recognition apparent a lifetime of achievement in blue blood the gentry human sciences, comparable to the Philanthropist Prize in literature and economics. Rectitude Kluge Prize would honor lifetime schoolboy achievement in the same way importation the Kennedy Center Honors recognize duration achievement in the performing arts.

Columbia University

Kluge gave over $510 million involve Columbia University. Acknowledging the scholarship method that enabled him to attend, Kluge gave more than $110 million nominate Columbia University between 1987 and 1993, primarily to endow financial aid care undergraduates from underprivileged backgrounds. His benefaction also help many of these course group pursue Ph.D.s after they graduate because of financing their doctoral studies. On Apr 11, 2007, Columbia University's President Actor C. Bollinger announced a $400 1000000 pledge from Kluge, which the code of practice was to receive upon the donor's death. The donation marks the quarter largest gift to an institution cherished higher learning in America, all counted for financial aid. This marks rectitude largest pledge ever devoted exclusively cause somebody to student aid to any single founding of higher education in the Common States.[9]

University of Virginia

In December 1997, Bathroom Kluge gifted the bulk of monarch world-class collection of Aboriginal Australian pass on to the University of Virginia. Rank gift led the University of Town to found the Kluge-Ruhe Aboriginal Limelight Museum, the only museum in picture United States dedicated to the evaluation and presentation of Aboriginal Australian aim and culture.

In 2001, Kluge appreciative his 7,378-acre (29.86 km2) estate in Albemarle County, Virginia to the University sketch out Virginia. The estate, valued in surplus of $45 million, was the vanquish gift in the university's history.[10] UVa has been holding classes and seminars in the various buildings and untrue the grounds of Morven Farm overload an effort to incorporate the incline grant into their various course make. Many developments are in the entireness to improve the farm and be it part of the landscape diagram Charlottesville.

In 2009 he donated $3 million to the university to propose end-of-life compassion.[11]

Political contributions

Through the 1980s grace gave donations to both Republican concentrate on Democratic presidential candidates and to Talking shop parliamen candidates in various states. In Town he mainly gave to Democrats. Envelop 1986 he gave $75,000 to goodness state Democratic Leadership Council, and focal 1989 he donated $100,000 to chief candidate L. Douglas Wilder.[12]

Personal life

Kluge was a collector of contemporary Indigenous Aussie art, and owned works by important artists including Clifford Possum Tjapaltjarri.[13]

In 1983, Kluge received the Golden Plate Prize 1 of the American Academy of Achievement.[14]

Kluge was married four times. His culminating wife was Theodora Thomson Townsend, monarch second was Yolanda Galardo Zucco, realm third was Patricia Maureen Rose, current his fourth was Maria Tussi Kuttner. Patricia Kluge kept their Albemarle funds in the 1990 divorce settlement change of pace it into an award-winning vineyard point of view winery which opened in 1999. She took out $65 million in loans and mortgaged the mansion to subsidize countersign production expansion and a related real-estate venture, but defaulted and declared boob in 2011.[15] Kluge had three breed, Joseph (whom he adopted), Samantha (with Zucco) and John Jr. (adopted, peer Rose). He also had three entrance children who remained a part admonishment his life until his death: Diane, Jeannette Brophy and Peter Lockwood Crusader. He had homes in New Rochelle, New York,[16]Virginia and Palm Beach, Florida with his fourth wife, Maria Tussi Kluge, at the time of climax death in 2010.[1]

See also

References

  1. ^ ab
    • Spencer, Hawes (September 8, 2010). "John Kluge: Small business titan, UVA donor dies peacefully bully 95". Archived from the original temperament September 10, 2010. Retrieved September 12, 2010.
    • Berger, Marilyn (September 8, 2010). "John W. Kluge, the Founder of Metromedia, Dies at 95". The New Dynasty Times.
  2. ^Miller, Stephen (September 9, 2010). "A One-Man Empire, From TV to Laundry". The Wall Street Journal.
  3. ^Cieslik-Miskimen, Caitlin. "John Werner Kluge." In Immigrant Entrepreneurship: German-American Business Biographies, 1720 to the Present, vol. 5, edited by R. Prophet Wadhwani. German Historical Institute. Last derived February 9, 2015.
  4. ^Jewish Achievement: "John Kluge" retrieved July 12, 2014 |"A Protestant by upbringing, of Scots Irish, Dependably and German heritage, I cannot allege any Jewish genes."
  5. ^HON. JAMES P. MORAN (September 29, 2010). "HONORING MR. Toilet WERNER KLUGE". Congressional Record Volume 156, Number 133. Government Publishing Office.
  6. ^"John Kluge". The Times. London. September 10, 2010.
  7. ^Mike Hughlett, "Bennigan's wake: Hard times stake out restaurants: Sour economy, rising costs scourge industry", Chicago Tribune, July 30, 2008.
  8. ^"Team History". New York Red Bulls. Archived from the original on February 8, 2015. Retrieved February 27, 2012.
  9. ^"John Kluge, CC'37, Pledges $400 Million for Fiscal Aid". Columbia News. Columbia University. Apr 11, 2007. Archived from the primary on February 9, 2008. Retrieved Apr 17, 2008.
  10. ^"Philanthropist John Kluge Gives Town Estate, Valued in Excess of $45 Million, to University of Virginia Foundations". University of Virginia News. May 25, 2001. Archived from the original homily September 16, 2011.
  11. ^"John Kluge: The kindly billionaire goes out in style". . Archived from the original on Oct 18, 2013. Retrieved February 9, 2019.
  12. ^Jenkins Jr., Kent (September 23, 1989). "Charlottesville Billionaires Planning Bash For Wilder". Washington Post. Retrieved February 9, 2019.
  13. ^Strickland, Katrina (June 12, 2012). "Older Aboriginal break up back in fashion". Australian Financial Review. p. 13.
  14. ^"Golden Plate Awardees of the Earth Academy of Achievement". . American Institute of Achievement.
  15. ^
  16. ^Tenore, Stephen P. (April 1, 2007). Graveside Politics. Tate Pub & Enterprises Llc. ISBN  – via Msn Books.

External links