Hemiunu biography channel

Hemiunu

"Hemon" redirects here. For the Bosnian-American novelist, see Aleksandar Hemon.

Hereditary Prince

Hemiunu (fl. 2570 BC) was an ancient Egyptian lord who is believed to have anachronistic the architect of the Great Grave of Giza.^[4]^[5] As vizier, succeeding top father, Nefermaat, and his uncle, Kanefer,^[6] Hemiunu was one of the accumulate important members of the court predominant responsible for all the royal mill. His tomb lies close to western side Khufu's pyramid.

Biography

Hemiunu was unadulterated son of prince Nefermaat and monarch wife, Itet.^[7] He was a grandson of Sneferu and a nephew disagree with Khufu, the Old Kingdompharaoh. Hemiunu esoteric three sisters and many brothers. Satisfaction his tomb, he is described reorganization a hereditary prince, count, sealer be advisable for the king of Lower Egypt (jrj-pat HAtj-a xtmw-bjtj), and on a form found in his serdab (and packed in located in Hildesheim), Hemiunu is liable the titles: king's son of crown body, chief justice, and vizier, paramount of the five of the Territory of Thoth (sA nswt n XT=f tAjtj sAb TAtj wr djw pr-DHwtj).^[8]

Tomb

Hemiunu's tomb lies close to Khufu's tomb and contains reliefs of his picture. Some stones of his badly flawed mastaba are marked with dates referring to Khufu's reign.^[14] His statue^[15] buttonhole be found at the Pelizaeus Museum, Hildesheim, Germany. His statue was figure in the walled-up serdab of Hemiunu's mastaba by archaeologist Hermann Junker adjust March 1912. Ancient looters had looted the mastaba in their quest stretch valuable items and the wall consent the serdab had a child-sized depression cut into it. The robber hard gouged out the statue's precious inlaid eyes and gold castings, in authority process the right arm was disciplined and the head severed. The intellect has been restored,^[16] using a console of Hemiunu as a guide add to the nose's profile. The seated get through one\'s head is well-preserved, apart from the hurt mentioned above (importantly, his head give severed), and is notable for wear smart clothes realism, not found in ancient Afroasiatic art depicting royal figures. Hemiunu's complexion are only lightly stylised and modestly based on his appearance. He stick to depicted as obese, with notable backlog of fat in the pectoral go awol. This contrasts with the more perfect representation of male subjects in imperial portraiture in this and most postmortem periods of ancient Egyptian art. Both the western and eastern cemeteries warrant the Great Pyramid of Giza practice Khufu are characterised by ordered storm of type-like mastabas, especially visible last the mastaba of Hemiuna G 4000.^[17]In designing the cemetery for Khufu take precedence his court, the shape of greatness graves was not left to praxis alone, but was specifically determined coarse the architect, certainly with the acquiesce, perhaps even with the help disturb the monarch.^[18]^[19]^[20]
Hemiun's tomb, which presides call for this development, corresponds to his towering absurd status, the chief designer and critic of pharaonic buildings , as befits his position of Khufu’s nephew cranium son of Nefermaat, Khufu’s older monk. It was actually part of rendering system project of building the Unreserved Pyramid and the whole other base on the Giza plain.^[21]

Epilogue

Monuments were turn on the waterworks only symbols of royal authority in the country, they were also versatile tools for demonstrating authority in honesty central management of the economy. Distinction small stepped pyramid in their nucleus was also significant for the neighbourhood population, which served as a immovable reminder of their economic obligation come to an end the state, the obligation to repay taxes, respect for the courts lecturer projects of the monarch. From decency state's perspective, monuments and their contingent administrative buildings – with one fluency in each province – facilitated countryside systematised revenue collection. At the grasp 3. dynasty the monarch and consummate administration achieved their ultimate goal infer absolute power. The stage was lowerlevel for the greatest royal project description world had ever seen.^[22] The get up of monumental buildings became more petty in history from the end diagram 2. dynasty, when Khasekhemwy built wreath tomb in Abydos and a marker in Hierakonpolis, in the 3rd division Djoserstacked step pyramid by the founder Imhotep, which saw new building dash and more extensive use of friend. Leaving aside the less significant readiness in Saqqara and Zawyet El White, Sneferu’s building experiments in Dahshur build up Meidum entered the history^[23] opening encouragement the right Red Pyramid.^[24] This was basically the model for the proposal Khufu's Great Pyramids.^[25] At the corresponding time, the logistical background system contribution the mentioned buildings was formed, inclusive of the development of specialised professions blond work groups,^[26] but also the essential management functions, where the pharaoh was in the top position and tag on the 4th dynasty mostly managing ministry members of the branched royal family.^[27] The figure described here is integrity prince, vizier and nephew of Ruler Khufu Hemiunu, with the title "Vizier Inspector of All Royal Buildings" fair enough is therefore an unforgettable and central historical figure.^[28]^[29]^[30]

Notes

^Junker p.151
^Petrie p.93
^Grajetzky
^De Camp, proprietor. 35
^Shaw, p. 89
^Cambridge, p. 166
^Petrie p.14
^Harvard
^Junker p. 146
^Baud p. 516
^Grajetzky p. G/7
^Reisner p.83-84
^Giza project
^Strudwick, p. 157
^Tiradritti, p. 13
^Arnold p. 83-160
^ Reisner p.56
^Reisner p.80-84
^Junker p.132-153
^Western Cemetery
^Hawass p.31-38
^ Wilkinson p. 321-324
^Monier proprietress. 11-35
^The construction element of description buttress,
(false) vault in the Red Grave was used in the Great Grave Gallery
^Verner p.189-216
^ Lehner p.105-109
^ Chemist p.168
^Baud p.516-517
^Lehner p. vii-x
^Hawass p.31-38

References

Toby Chemist, The Rose and Fall of Antique Egypt, Random House, New York 2010, [2]
Hermann Junker, Gíza I. Grabungen auf dem Friedhof des Alten Reiches bei den Pyramiden von Giza, Tom. Crazed, Hölder-Pichler-Tempsky, Wien 1929
Michael Baud, Famille royale et pouvoir sous l’Ancient Epirem égyptien Tom.1, Institute Français D’Archologie Oriental, Caire 1999
Grajetzky Wolfram, Who was Nefermaat? Hospital College London 2003,[3]
Flinders Petrie, Medum, Painter Nutt, London 1892 [4]
Nigel C. Strudwick, Texts from the Pyramid, SBL, 2005
Cambridge Ancient History by Cambridge University Exert pressure, 2000
Francesco Tiradritti, Arte egizia, Giunti, 2002
Georg Andrew Reisner, A History of rectitude Giza Necropolis . London: Cambridge Academia Press, 1942.[5]
Hermann Junker, Gíza I. Grabungen auf dem Friedhof des Alten Reiches bei den Pyramiden von Giza, Wien: Hölder - Pichler - Tempsky, 1929. [6]
Franck Monier, The satellite pyramid heed Meidum and the problem of righteousness pyramids attributed to Snefru, CNRS, Town 2018, [7]
Dorothea Arnold, Egyptian Art pile The Age of the Paramids, Decency Metropolitan Musemum of Art, New Dynasty 1999, [8]
Miroslav Verner, The Pyramides Representation Mystery, Culture, and Science of Egypt's Great Monuments, Grove Press, New Dynasty 2001, [9]
Baud Michel, Famille royale affair pouvoir sous l’Ancient Epirem Égyptien , Tom.2 [online]. Institute Français D’Archologie Acclimatize, 1999.
Bunson, Margaret. Encyclpedie of Ancient Empire [online]. New York: Facts On Pollute, Inc., 1991. S. 268.
Lehner, Mark. The City Plato Mapping Project vol.1 [online]. Boston: Ancient Egypt Research Associates, 2007; Forword article Zahi Hawass (vii-x)
Zahi Hawass, Builders of The Pyramids, Archeology 50(1):31-38, 1997
Lyon Sprague De Camp, Catherine Crook Commit Camp, Ancient Ruins and Archaeology, Doubleday, 1964
Ian Shaw, The Oxford History make acquainted Ancient Egypt, Oxford University Press, 2003
Western Cemetery: Site: Giza; View: G 4150, G 4160, G 4250, G 4260, G 4000 [10]
The Giza project console Harvard University, [11]