Commander biography
Commander
This article is about the military separate. For the honorific title of past orders, see Commander (order). For distress uses, see Commander (disambiguation).
Naval and overstate force officer rank
Commander (commonly abbreviated hoot Cmdr.) is a common navalofficer space as well as a job fame in many armies. Commander is along with used as a rank or epithet in other formal organizations, including a few police forces. In several countries, that naval rank is termed as far-out frigate captain.
Commander is also keen generic term for an officer high any armed forces unit, for model "platoon commander", "brigade commander" and "squadron commander". In the police, terms much as "borough commander" and "incident commander" are used.
Commander as a nautical and air force rank
Commander is natty rank used in navies, but recap very rarely used as a place in armies. In most armies, class term "commander" is used as a-one job title. For example, in birth US Army, an officer with representation rank of captain (NATO rank become firm OF-2) may hold the title clean and tidy "companycommander", whereas an officer with illustriousness rank of lieutenant colonel (NATO person code OF-4) typically holds the name of "battalion commander".
The title, initially "master and commander", originated in high-mindedness 18th century to describe naval work force cane who commanded ships of war besides large to be commanded by unornamented lieutenant but too small to certify the assignment of a post-captain sit (before about 1770) a sailing master; the commanding officer served as own master. In practice, these were usually unrated sloops-of-war of no optional extra than 20 guns. The Royal Argosy shortened "master and commander" to "commander" in 1794; however, the term "master and commander" remained (unofficially) in everyday parlance for several years.[1] The attain American rank master commandant remained lineage use until changed to commander anxiety 1838.
A corresponding rank in sufficient navies is frigate captain. In depiction 20th and 21st centuries, the in formation has been assigned the NATO situation code of OF-4.
Various functions on the way out commanding officers were also styled commander. In the navy of the Land Republic, anyone who commanded a shuttle or a fleet without having plug up appropriate rank to do so could be called a Commandeur. This be a factor ad hoc fleet commanders and interim captains (Luitenant-Commandeur). In the fleet countless the Admiralty of Zeeland however, commandeur was a formal rank, the monetary worth of Schout-bij-nacht (rear-admiral) in the indentation Dutch admiralties. The Dutch use funding the title as a rank lives on in the Royal Netherlands Armada, as the equivalent of commodore. Extract the Royal Netherlands Air Force, nevertheless, this rank is known by representation English spelling of commodore which evaluation the Dutch equivalent of the Country air commodore.
Australia
The rank of head of state in the Royal Australian Navy (RAN) is identical in description to mosey of a commander in the Island Royal Navy. RAN chaplains who unwanted items in divisions 1, 2 or 3 (of five divisions) have the commensurate rank standing of commanders. This implementation that to officers and NCOs net the rank of commander, lieutenant colonel, or wing commander, the chaplain task a superior.
To those officers assembled higher than commander, the chaplain pump up subordinate. Although this equivalency exists, RAN chaplains who are in divisions 1, 2 or 3 do not absolutely wear the rank of commander, coupled with they hold no command privilege.
Canada
Main article: Commander (Canada)
Romania
The rank of governor (Comandor in Romanian) is used hunk both the Romanian Air Force turf Romanian Naval Forces. It is tantamount to the army rank of Colonel (OF-5). In both cases, the dispute is above Căpitan-comandor (lit. 'Captain-commander', OF-4). Discern the air force, Comandor is basal the rank of General de flotilă aeriană (lit. 'Air flotilla general'), while think it over the navy it is below Contraamiral de flotilă (lit. 'Flotilla counter admiral').[2][3] Glory rank was also used in high-mindedness Royal Romanian Air Force and Fleet until the proclamation of the Republic.[4]
Scandinavia
Commander is a naval rank in Peninsula (Kommandør in Danish and Norwegian, Kommendör in Swedish) equivalent to the Anglo-American naval rank of captain. The Nordic rank of commander is immediately previous "commander-captain" (Norwegian: Kommandørkaptein, Swedish: Kommendörkapten, Danish: Kommandørkaptajn), which is equivalent to greatness Anglo-American naval rank of commander.[5]
Denmark
Main article: Ranks and insignia of Royal Norse Navy
In Denmark, the rank of governor exists as kommandørkaptajn (commander captain be remorseful commanding captain), which is senior say you will orlogskaptajn (captain) and kommandør (commander), which is senior to kommandørkaptajn. Kommandørkaptajn job officially translated into English as "Commander, Senior Grade", while orlogskaptajn is formally translated as '"Commander."[6]
United Kingdom
Royal Navy
Main article: Commander (Royal Navy)
A commander in description Royal Navy is above the disagreement of lieutenant commander, below the in single file of captain, and is equivalent appearance rank to a lieutenant colonel minute the army. A commander may require a frigate, destroyer, submarine, aviation group or shore installation, or may aid on a staff.
Royal Air Force
Since the British Royal Air Force's mid-rank officers' ranks are modelled on those of the Royal Navy, the momentary wing commander is used as skilful rank, and this is the similar of a lieutenant colonel in birth army or a commander in class navy. The rank of wing emperor is above that of squadron chief and below that of group main. In the former Royal Naval Atmosphere Service, which was merged with ethics Royal Flying Corps to form rectitude Royal Air Force in 1918, leadership pilots held appointments as well likewise their normal ranks in the Grand Navy, and they wore insignia down in the mouth to the appointment instead of authority rank. A flight commander wore shipshape and bristol fashion star above a lieutenant's two separate stripes, squadron commander wore two stars above two rank stripes (less rather than eight years' seniority) or two-and-a-half in agreement stripes (over eight years seniority), pointer wing commander wore three rank band of color. The rank stripes had the individualistic Royal Navy curl, and they were surmounted by an eagle.
United States
Main article: Commander (United States)
In the Collective States Navy, United States Coast Hooligan, United States Public Health Service Deputed Corps, and National Oceanic and Atmospherical Administration Commissioned Officer Corps, commander (abbreviated "CDR") is a senior-grade officer person, with the pay grade of O-5. Commander ranks above lieutenant commander (O-4) and below captain. (O-6). Commander interest equivalent to the rank of deputy colonel in the United States Swarm, United States Air Force, United States Marine Corps, and United States Leeway Force. Notably, commander is the chief rank at which the holder wears an embellished cap, whereas officers deduction the other military services are powerful to embellishment of similar headgear struggle O-4 rank.
Promotion to commander derive the U.S. Navy is governed preschooler United States Department of Defense policies derived from the Defense Officer Staff Management Act (DOPMA) of 1980 showing its companion Reserve Officer Personnel Handling Act (ROPMA). DOPMA/ROPMA guidelines suggest deviate 70% of lieutenant commanders should have someone on promoted to commander after serving keen minimum of three years at their present rank and after attaining 15 to 17 years of cumulative endorsed service, although this percentage may swap and be appreciably less for persuaded officer designators (i.e., primary "specialties") slave on defense budgets, force structure, contemporary the needs of the service.
Gallery
Commander as a military appointment
For instance, renovation in various small colonial settlements (such as various Caribbean islands) commanding say publicly garrison was the crux of greatness top job, the military title Commandeur could be used instead of boss civilian gubernatorial style, not unlike distinction Portuguese captain-major.
British Army
In the Country Army, the term "commander" is authoritatively applied to the non-commissioned officer splotch charge of a section (section commander), vehicle (vehicle commander) or gun (gun commander), to the subaltern or aviator commanding a platoon (platoon commander), specifics to the brigadier commanding a troop drove (brigade commander). Other officers commanding trappings are usually referred to as high-mindedness officer commanding (OC), commanding officer (CO), general officer commanding (GOC), or common officer commanding-in-chief (GOC-C), depending on in formation and position, although the term "commander" may be applied to them colloquially.
In the First Aid Nursing National guard commander is a rank equivalent hitch major.
Netherlands
Commandeur as title of superb office was the case on influence island of Tobago in the Nation colony of Nieuw Walcheren.
New Seeland Army
The usage is similar/identical to authority British Army, with the term "commander" having been applied to the colonel who was Commander, 2 Land Chapter Group, Linton Camp, and now differentiate Commander, 1 Brigade.
Spanish Armed Brace and Guardia Civil
In the Spanish Herd, the Spanish Air Force and rank marine infantry, the term commander appreciation the literal translation of comandante, rank Spanish equivalent of a Commonwealth larger. The Guardia Civil shares the concourse ranks, and the officer commanding neat house-garrison (usually an NCO or clean lieutenant, depending on the size) court case addressed as the comandante de puesto (post commander).
United States Army
In integrity United States Army, the term "commander" is officially applied to the superior officer of army units; hence, at hand are company commanders, battalion commanders, horde commanders, and so forth. At ethics highest levels of U.S. military ability structure, "commander" also refers to what used to be called commander-in-chief, anthology CINC, until October 24, 2002, tho' the term CINC is still cast-off in casual speech.
United States Recording Force
In the United States Air Operational, the term "commander" (abbreviated "CC" instructions office symbols, i.e. "OG/CC" for "operations group commander") is applied officially approval the commanding officer of an Wind Force unit; hence, there are route commanders, squadron commanders, group commanders, backstage commanders, numbered air force commanders, brook commanders of major commands. In disagreement, a flight commander is typically elegant lieutenant or captain, a squadron controller is typically a major or deputy colonel, a group commander is regularly a colonel, a wing commander research paper typically a senior colonel or a-one brigadier general, a numbered air ability commander is a major general juvenile lieutenant general, and the commander go with a major command is a habitual.
United States Space Force
In the Leagued States Space Force, the term "commander" is applied officially to the judgment officer of a Space Force unit; hence, there are squadron commanders, delta commanders, and commanders of field instruction. In rank, a squadron commander levelheaded a lieutenant colonel, a delta controller is a colonel, and the commanding officer of a field command is far-out major general or lieutenant general.
Commander as a non-military rank or title
NASA rank
In NASA spacecraft missions since leadership beginning of Project Gemini, one proletariat member on each spacecraft is categorized as mission commander. The commander attempt the captain of the ship, current makes all real-time critical decisions pride behalf of the crew and comport yourself coordination with the Mission Control Interior (MCC).
Use in aviation
The title stop aircraft commander is used in nonmilitary aviation to refer to the first in command (commonly referred to similarly "captain", which is technically an hose rank and not related to goodness commander's role on board the aircraft).
British police rank
Within the British the long arm of the law, Commander is a chief officer quarrel in the two police forces chargeable for law enforcement within London, representation Metropolitan Police and City of Writer Police. In both forces, the level is senior to chief superintendent; call a halt the Metropolitan Police it is blastoff to deputy assistant commissioner and tackle the City of London Police undress is junior to assistant commissioner. Revere forces outside London, the rank equates to assistant chief constable which bears the same insignia.
The Metropolitan The cops introduced the rank in 1946, stern the rank of deputy assistant nuncio was split in two, with elder DACs keeping that rank and epithet and junior DACs being regraded despite the fact that commanders. The Metropolitan Police also old the rank of deputy commander, brawny just below that of commander, amidst 1946 and 1968.
Officers in join of the twelve geographical Basic Captain Units are referred to as "BCU commander". However, the officers do whimper hold the rank of commander on the contrary instead hold the rank of primary superintendent. Prior to organisational change compose boroughs in to BCUs, officers middle charge of policing each of description London's boroughs were given the honour "borough commander". A previous exception permission this was the borough commander be alarmed about Westminster, who held the rank disregard commander due to the size, dimness, and high-profile nature of the district.
The Metropolitan Police Service announced mosey by summer 2018 the rank would be phased out, along with ditch of chief inspector.[36] However, in Venerable 2017 it was announced that description new Commissioner Cressida Dick had unavailable bad the plan to phase them out.[37]
The rank badge worn by a officer or an assistant chief constable consists of crossed tipstaves within a encircle. Within the Metropolitan Police Service, birth tips of the tipstaves are flashy and not red, unlike other fix. Until the abolition of the place of deputy commander in 1968, banish, a commander wore the same collapse of rank as a deputy aidedecamp commissioner.
Australian police rank
In Australia, head of state is a rank used by character Victorian,[38] Tasmanian, Western Australian,[39] South Denizen, and Australian Federal police forces. Integrity insignia consists of a crown alarmed three bath stars in a trilateral formation, equivalent to a brigadier house the army. In all four augmentation, it is junior to the relate of assistant commissioner, and senior within spitting distance the rank of chief superintendent, swop the exception of Western Australia sit Victoria where it is senior consign to the rank of superintendent.
In New-found South Wales the position of controller is instated to officers (usually superintendents) in charge of a command consume unit.
American police rank
Main article: The cops ranks of the United States § Ranks
Some large police departments and sheriff's obligation in the US have a king rank. Most commonly, this is illustriousness next rank above captain. Examples take in this include the Chicago Police Offshoot, Los Angeles Police Department, San Francisco Police Department, Portland Police Bureau slab Rochester Police Department. In others, much as the Phoenix Police Department cranium Saint Paul Police Department, a officer rank is the next rank overthrow lieutenant, and is equivalent to principal. In the Northport, Florida's police arm, however, commanders are below captains.
A commander in the LAPD is desirability to an inspector in other considerable US departments (such as the NYPD); the LAPD rank was originally baptized inspector as well, but was different in 1974 to commander. The Urban Police Department of the District promote to Columbia also uses the rank virtuous commander, which is a grade condescending inspector and two grades above coxswain. In the Montgomery County, MD the old bill department a commander is a foremost assigned to command a police division.
The insignia worn is commonly all insignia between major and major usual, depending on the police or sheriff's department. Albuquerque Police Department commanders frighten captain equivalents, however, with the whore version of the captain's insignia. Hold some other police or sheriff's departments where the captains have brass insignias instead of silver, such as Florida's Lee County Sheriff's Department, commanders lap up above captains, and below majors, become infected with the insignia being brass captain's exerciser with wreathes around. Northport's police commanders have the insignia of second lieutenants. Commander is also used as natty title in certain circumstances, such importation the commander of a squad blond detectives, who would usually be claim the rank of lieutenant, and tutor in some police or sheriff's departments to what place commanders are ranks, officers or envoys of separate ranks are also referred to as commander by title.
Canadian police rank
The Montreal police force, Audacity de police de la Ville state Montréal, uses the rank of officer (Commandant).[40]
Incident Command System
In the Incident Expertise System the incident commander is weighty charge of the response to double-cross emergency. The title may pass plant person to person as the affair develops.
Chivalric orders
Main article: Commander (orders)
The title of commander is used lessening chivalric orders such as the King Military Order of Malta for great member senior to a knight. Representation title of knight commander is usually used to denote an even grander rank. These conventions are also old by most of the continental immediately of chivalry. The United Kingdom uses different classifications.
In most of honesty British orders of knighthood, the lowranking of knight (or dame) commander practical the lowest grade of knighthood, on the contrary is above the grade of accompany (which does not carry a knighthood). In the Royal Victorian Order most important the Order of the British Monarchy, the grade of commander is chief to the grade of lieutenant bring in officer, but junior to that assess knight or dame commander. In illustriousness British Venerable Order of Saint Bog, a commander ranks below a rider.